The Act also does not apply to a religious corporation; to the employment of any individual by his or her parent, grandparent, spouse, child, or grandchild; to employment in the domestic service of any person. 26, 623. Nev. Rev. Ark. 203(s)(1). Stat. 111.32(5)-(6)(a)-(b). Ann. 67-5908(3)(a)-(e). Laws 750.556. Idaho Code Ann. Virginia has adopted a pay transparency law that prohibits employers from discharging or taking any other retaliatory action against an employee for discussing wages or compensation with another employee. The court may also award affirmative relief, including reinstatement or hiring, with or without back pay, front pay, or any other equitable relief. 151B, 4(1). Ann. 19 710(7). Coverage: Applies to all employees, but does not include domestic servants or individuals employed by their parent, grandparent, spouse, child, or grandchild. Tex. Code Ann. Additionally, the law does not apply to any person elected to public office in the state, or any person chosen by such officer to be on such offers personal staff. Remedies: Any employer who discriminates in payment of wages between the sexes is guilty of a misdemeanor. Cal. Ann. Transparency around salaries can arm marginalised workers and close the wage gap. Workers are often protected when discussing salaries, even if doing so damages morale. Did you know that employees must be allowed to discuss salary at work? Coverage: Applies to all employers and their agents and to all employees, but does not apply to persons under the age of 18 engaged in domestic service or persons engaged in agricultural service, or employees of any social club, fraternal, charitable, educational, religious, scientific or literary association. Code 49.58.020(1), 49.58.060(2)(a), 49.58.070(1). Remedies: On finding that an employer has engaged in an unlawful employment practice, a court may enjoin the employer from engaging in an unlawful employment practice, and order additional equitable relief as may be appropriate, including hiring or reinstating with or without back pay, reporting on the manner of compliance, and paying court costs. Ark. 28-23-4(B). Stat. Coverage: Applies to all employees and to any employer or agent of the employer, including the state, who employs 1 or more individuals. Washington Law Against Discrimination Protection: It is an unfair employment practice for any employer to discriminate against any person in compensation or in other terms or conditions of employment because of sex. Or. For a third violation, the employer shall be liable to the employee(s) affected in the amount of their unpaid wages, and in instances of willful violation, up to an additional three times the amount of unpaid wages as liquidated damages. 19 1107A(a). Code Ann. Law 197. 959(f)(1). North Dakota Equal Pay Law Protection: An employer may not discriminate between employees on the basis of gender by paying wages to any employee at a rate less than the rate at which the employer pays any employee of the opposite gender for comparable work on jobs that have comparable requirements relating to skill, effort, and responsibility. The National Labor Relations Act has been in place for nearly 90 years. In an action before the court, if the court finds that the employer has engaged in an unlawful discriminatory practice, the court shall enjoin the employer from engaging in such unlawful discriminatory practice and order affirmative action which may include back pay, or any other legal or equitable relief, and the costs of litigation, including reasonable attorney fees and witness fees. Rev. tit. Section 7 of the Act gives employees these rights. Mass. tit. 27-4-302(a). See Utah Code Ann. tit. Remedies: If the commission finds that an employer has engaged in an unlawful discriminatory practice, it shall issue an order requiring the employer to cease and desist from the practice and require the employer to take affirmative action, including payment of back pay; hiring; payment of actual damages; and the submission of a report of the manner of compliance. The National Labor Relations Board has found that we violated the National Labor Relations Act and has ordered us to post and abide by this notice. Remedies: An individual may bring a civil action without exhausting administrative remedies. Haw. Stat. 5 4577. 151B, 1(5)-(6). Coverage: Applies to any employer, including the state, that employs 20 or more employees within the state but does not apply to employment by a parent, spouse, or child; employment in the domestic service of the employer; or employment by a private educational or religious institution or any nonprofit corporation. The National Labor Relations Act protects employees' rights to discuss conditions of employment, such as safety and pay even if you're a non-union employer. Fact Sheet #14: Coverage Under the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), U.S. Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division, http://www.dol.gov/whd/regs/compliance/whdfs14.pdf (last visited March 22, 2017). 31-71a(1)-(2). Stat. The company is headquartered in St. Paul, Minn. Rev. Remedies: If an employer has engaged or is engaging in any discriminatory or unfair practice, it shall be ordered to cease and desist from such practice. However, this law does not apply to Native American tribes or bona fide membership clubs that are exempt from taxation; to the employment of an individual by his or her parents, spouse, or child; to employment to perform domestic services; or to religious corporations, associations, or societies. This law does not apply to an employer with respect to the employment of aliens outside the state or to a religious corporation, association, educational institution or society with respect to the employment of individuals of a particular religion, sexual orientation, or gender identity to perform work connected with the activities of the religious entity. 3-301(b)(1)-(2). Idaho Code Ann. 26, 623. Oklahoma General Anti-Discrimination Law Protection: It is a discriminatory practice for an employer to discriminate against an individual with respect to compensation because of sex, including pregnancy. An enterprise is engaged in commerce if it has at least two employees and either (1) has an annual dollar volume of sales or business done of at least $500,000, or (2) is a hospital, business providing medical or nursing care for residents, school, or government agency. Coverage: Applies to the state and any employer employing 6 or more persons within the state but does not apply to any nonprofit corporation or association organized exclusively for fraternal purposes; any school, educational, or charitable religious institution owned or conducted by or affiliated with a church or religious institution; or any exclusively social club, corporation, or association that is not organized for profit. 93(2). Remedies: Whoever violates section 628 is subject to a forfeiture of not less than $100 nor more than $500 for each violation; additionally the employer is liable to the employee for the amount of unpaid wages, a reasonable rate of interest, costs of suit including a reasonable attorney's fee, and an additional amount equal to twice the amount of unpaid wages as liquidated damages. Rev. 363A.29(4)(a). tit. tit. 3-307(a)(2). Remedies: If an employer violates this law, the Mayor shall assess a civil fine of $1,000 for the first violation, $5,000 for the second violation, and $20,000 for each subsequent violation; there is no private right of action. The Act also applies to the state or any of its political subdivisions, including public bodies. Oregon General Anti-Discrimination Law Protection: It is an unlawful employment practice for an employer to discharge, demote suspend, discriminate, or retaliate against an employee because the employee has inquired about, discussed or disclosed in any manner the wages of the employee or of another employee. 28-23-2(D)-(E). 28-1-2(B), (E). Coverage: Applies to the state as well as employers with 6 or more employees, but does not apply to nonprofit social clubs, fraternal or religious organizations, individuals employed by a parent, spouse, or child, or individual employed in the domestic service of any person. Code Ann. Stat. You've likely also thought about how your pay compares to your teammates who are doing the same kind of work. An employer shall not discharge or in any other manner discriminate against any employee because the employee has disclosed his or her wages or has inquired about or discussed the wages of other employees. & Empl. Hawaii Wage and Hour Law Protection: No employer shall discriminate in any way in the payment of wages as between the sexes. And many states have passed pay transparency laws for employees. 21-5B-4(1)-(2). That's because there is no way for employees to gauge. Remedies: An aggrieved employee may recover in a civil action reinstatement and reimbursement for lost wages and work benefits, including interest thereon, as well as appropriate equitable relief. Per the NLRB, pay secrecy policies may violate the law. 5 4577. 1-13-80(A)(1). Idaho Code Ann. 495b(b). Ky. Rev. 5:12CV120, 2013 WL 524648, at *2 (N.D. W. Va. Feb. 11, 2013). Remedies: If the commission finds that an employer has engaged in any unlawful discriminatory practice, the commission shall issue an order to cease and desist from such unlawful discriminatory practice and to take affirmative action, including hiring, reinstatement, or upgrading of employees with or without back pay. Additionally, an employer who willfully engages in an unlawful discriminatory practice is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine of not more than $500, imprisonment for not more than 6 months, or both. Copyright 2023 GovDocs, Inc. GovDocs is a registered trademark of GovDocs, Inc. July 1, 2021, Minimum Wage Rates: California Cities, GovDocs Earns Best Places to Work Award, Maryland passed a host of new employment laws, Texas Instruments v. International Union of Electrical, Radio and Machine Workers, AFL-CIO. 336.3(a). But in the US, many workers still can't talk about pay. Lab. Coverage: Applies to any employer who has 15 or more employees, but does not include the United State or any corporation wholly owned by the United States, any Indian tribe, or any private membership club exempt from taxation. 16-123-107(c)(2)(A). @media (max-width: 992px){.usa-js-mobile-nav--active, .usa-mobile_nav-active {overflow: auto!important;}} Rev. Mont. Remedies: Any person who knowingly transports, offers for transportation, ships, delivers, or sells in commerce any goods in the production of which any employee was employed in violation of section 206 shall be subject to a fine of not more than $10,000, or to imprisonment for not more than 6 months, or both. 3-304.1(a)(2)-(3). It is unlawful for an employer to seek the wage or salary history, including benefits or other compensation, of a job applicant from any current or former employer, unless the job applicants wage or salary history is a matter of public record or the job applicant is a current employee and is applying for a position with the same employer. Stat. N.Y. Exec. Wage non-disclosure agreements for employees are prohibited. Ann. Conn. Gen. Stat. Remedies: Any employer who violates or fails to comply with requirement of this section shall be subject to a civil penalty of not less than $1,000 nor more than $5,000 for the first offense and not less than $5,000 nor more than $10,000 for each subsequent violation. 11-4-607(2). Ann. Any employer who does not pay the wages of his employees in accordance with this law shall be guilty of a misdemeanor for the first offense and shall be fined not less than $500 nor more than $20,000 or imprisoned for not more than 1 year, and, in the event that any second or subsequent offense occurs within 6 years of the date of conviction for a prior offense, shall be guilty of a felony for the second or subsequent offense, and shall be fined not less than $500 nor more than $20,000 or imprisoned for not more than 1 year plus one day, or punished by both such fine and imprisonment, for each such offense. Stat. Mass. See examples of NLRB decisions below. Wyo. W. Va. Code. Coverage: Applies to all employees and employers, including the state. Stat. Vt. Stat. La. Stat. Minn. Stat. Stat. W. Va. Code 5-11-3(d)-(e). Stat. 23:332(A)(3). 44-1702(1). 5, 4553(4). Ann. Nev. Rev. 43 Pa. Cons. Individuals elected to public office may be considered employers, but are not considered employees. Fla. Stat. Remedies: Any employer who willfully violates this law or pays or agrees to pay any employee compensation less than that which the employee is entitled to shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction, shall be punished by a fine of not less than $50 nor more than $500 or by imprisonment for a period not to exceed one year or by both. 28-23-6(A)(1)-(3). tit. 5, 4613(2)(B)(1), (2), (7), and (8). Montana Equal Pay Law Protection: It is unlawful for an employer to employ women in any occupation within the state for compensation less than that paid to men for equivalent service or for the same amount or class of work or labor in the same industry, school, establishment, office, or place of employment. 112/30(c). La. 27-9-103(n)(i)-(iv). Code 1197.5(c). Colo. Rev. Wyoming Fair Employment Practices Act of 1965 Protection: It is a discriminatory or unfair employment practice for an employer to discriminate in matters of compensation or the terms, conditions or privileges of employment, against any person otherwise qualified because of sex or pregnancy. 112/5. Kan. Stat. Coverage: Applies to all employees except individuals in the domestic service of any person. In cases of violation in addition to any judgment awarded to the plaintiff, the court shall allow a reasonable attorneys fee and costs of the action to be paid. Connecticut Labor Statute Protection: No employer shall inquire or direct a third party to inquire about a prospective employees wage and salary history unless a prospective employee has voluntarily disclosed such information. Nev. Rev. 213.075.11(1). Remedies: If the presiding officer finds that an employer has engaged in a discriminatory or prohibited employment practice, the presiding officer shall issue an order requiring the employer to cease any discriminatory practice and provide relief to the complaining party, including back pay and benefits, attorneys fees, and costs. Nebraska Wages Law Protection: No employer shall discriminate between employees on the basis of sex, by paying wages to any employee at a wage rate less than the rate at which the employer pays any employee of the opposite sex for equal work on jobs which require equal skill, effort, and responsibility under similar working conditions. New Jersey Law Against Discrimination Protection: It is an unlawful employment practice for any employer to take reprisals against any employee for requesting from, discussing with, or disclosing to any other employee or former employee of the employer, a lawyer from whom the employee seeks legal advice, or any government agency information regarding rate of compensation, including benefits, of any employee or former employee of the employer or to require, as a condition of employment, any employee or prospective employee to sign a waiver, or otherwise require an employee or prospective employee to agree, not to make those requests or disclosures. Code 1197.5(k)(2). Remedies: Upon a finding that an employer has engaged in an unlawful discriminatory practice, a court may enjoin the employer from engaging in such conduct and order affirmative action including back pay, an additional amount in liquidated damages, and a reasonable attorneys fee. 49.58.040(1)(a)-(b). Colo. Rev. Code Ann. Stat. Coverage: Applies to any employer of 6 or more persons in the state. Only federal protections apply. Ann. Connecticut Human Rights Act Protection: It is a discriminatory practice for an employer, except in the cases of a bona fide occupational qualification or need, to discriminate against any individual in compensation because of the individuals sex. Wash. Rev. 40, 198.1. tit. Rev. N.H. Rev. Hawaii Equal Pay Law Protection: No employer shall discriminate between employees because of sex by paying wages to employees at a rate less than the rate at which the employer pays wages to employees of the opposite sex for equal work on jobs the performance of which requires equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and that are performed under similar working conditions. 50-2-201(3)-(4). Coverage: Applies to all employers with at least 1 employee, including the state and its agencies but does not apply to a social club or fraternal society or to any individual employed by his or her parents, spouse, or child. Me. But know that if you create a similar policy, you can't enforce it. Coverage: Applies to any employer of labor in the state, employing both males and females. 29 U.S.C. 28 R.I. Gen. Laws 28-5-6(2), 28-5-7(1)(ii). Ann. Md. Code 34-06.1-05(1). Ct. 1988) (Generally, it is illegal for an employer to pay disparate wages or salaries for jobs held by persons of different sexes if the jobs require equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and are performed under similar circumstances.); Sokn v. Fieldcrest Comm. Stat. Nebraska Fair Employment Practice Act Protection: It shall be an unlawful employment practice for an employer to discriminate against any employees or applicants for employment because he or she has inquired about, discussed, or disclosed information regarding employee wages, benefits, or other compensation. Additionally, the law does not apply to employment outside the state or any religious corporation, association, or society. 181.68(2). Discussing wages and working conditions is an employee's right under the National Labor Relations Act. No. Del. Stat. Code Ann. Okla. Stat. 34:11-56.1(a)-(b). Ann. Law 296(1)(a). Code Ann. Rev. S.C. Code Ann. @media only screen and (min-width: 0px){.agency-nav-container.nav-is-open {overflow-y: unset!important;}} 2000e-2(a)(1). Under the NLRA, even an employee who signs a non-disclosure agreement still has the legal right to discuss pay with coworkers and others. D.C. Code 2-1403.13(a)(1)(A),(D)-(F). Ala. Code 25-1-20(2). The law protects all employees, but does not include any individual employed, among other things: at a guaranteed compensation totaling $2,000 or more a month; in agriculture where the employer employs less than 20 employees for any workweek, or for any workweek in which the individual is harvesting coffee; in the home of the employer in domestic service; as a house parent in any home or shelter maintained for child welfare purposes; by the individuals sibling, sibling-in-law, children, spouse, parent, or parent-in-law; in the catching, harvesting, or farming of any kind of aquatic forms of animal or vegetable life; or in any capacity where the employee is covered by the Fair labor Standards Act. Indiana Civil Rights Law Protection: It is a discriminatory practice to exclude a person from equal opportunities in employment because of sex; however, it is not an unlawful employment practice for an employer to classify an individual on the basis of sex in instances where sex is a bona fide occupational qualification reasonably necessary to the normal operation of that particular business or enterprise. 143-422.2. Rev. 5, 4553(3). Lab. Provisions were found to be unlawful when they interfered with the rights of employees under the National Labor Relations Act, such as the right to discuss wages and working conditions with co-workers. Protection: An employer shall not refuse to interview, hire, promote, or employ an applicant for employment, or retaliate against an applicant for employment because the applicant does not provide wage history. 10:5-12(r). 39-3-104(2). Remedies: An individual aggrieved by violations of Title VII may file a charge with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, which may bring a civil action against a respondent employer; if a court finds that the respondent has intentionally engaged in an unlawful employment practice, the court may enjoin the respondent from engaging in such unlawful employment practice and order affirmative action, which may include reinstatement or hiring of employees, with or without back pay, or any other equitable relief. Evidence of unlawful employment discrimination under the Main Equal Pay Law or Maine Human Rights Act includes, but is not limited to, an employers inquiring, either directly or indirectly, about the compensation history of a prospective employee from the prospective employee or a current or former employer of the prospective employee or otherwise seeking the compensation history of a prospective employee. But when it comes to discussing wages, you may want to consider going against the grain. Some of the early social media cases were settled by agreement between the parties. Remedies: No specific provision of remedies for violation. The Act defines sex to include pregnancy and medical conditions which result from pregnancy. Although the Act protects union and non-union workers alike, there are limitations. Coverage: Applies to any employer, and to any agent of the employer, with 1 or more employees. 46a-51(9). 60-1.4(a)(3). 24-34-401(3). Mo. 5/2-102(A). 387-4. Stat. Stat. Code 1197.5(1). Coverage: Applies to all employees as well as any employer, or agent of the employer, employing 4 or more employees and any person acting for an employer. The law also applies to all employees except those who, among other things, are employed in agriculture; in domestic service; in a bona fide executive, administrative, or professional capacity; by the United States; any individual who volunteers for a nonprofit organization; or persons 18 years of age or less employed on an occasional or part-time basis. 44-1202(e). Any employer who violates any provision of this law is guilty of a class B misdemeanor. 495(a)(8)(D). Remedies: Persons injured by unlawful employment practices may file complaints with the Nevada Equal Rights Commission; if the Commission does not conclude an unfair employment practice has occurred, an employee may apply to the district court for an order grating or restoring the rights to which that employee is entitled. The Act also applies to any employer, as well as its agents, in the state employing any number of employees and any person outside the state employing any number of employees whose usual place of employment is in this state; however, the Act does not apply to a religious or fraternal corporation or association, not organized for private profit. Stat. Wash. Rev. Stat. 24-34-401(3). Cal. Remedies: If the court finds that the employer has intentionally engaged in an unlawful employment practice, the court may enjoin the employer from engaging in such unlawful employment practice and order such affirmative action as may be appropriate, which may include reinstatement or hiring of employee(s), with or without back pay payable by the employer. Any employer who willfully and knowingly violates any provision of this law shall be sentenced to pay a fine of not less than $50 nor more than $200, and, upon default in such fine and costs, shall undergo imprisonment for not less than 30 days nor more than 60 days; each day such a violation continues shall constitute a separate offense. Remedies: If the Commission finds that an employer has engaged in an unlawful discriminatory practice, it shall order the employer to cease and desist from such unlawful discriminatory practice and to take such affirmative action, including, but not limited to, reimbursement of certifiable travel expenses in matters involving the complaint; compensation for loss of work in matters involving the complaint; hiring, reinstatement or upgrading of employees, with or without back pay; and compensation for any other verifiable, reasonable out-of-pocket expenses caused by such unlawful discriminatory practice. Mass. Code 34-06.1-03(1). 4111.17(D). Can an employer in the U.S. create a company policy that prohibits employees from discussing pay rate and salary levels with other employees or (gasp) on social media? California Equal Pay Act Protection: An employer shall not pay any of its employees at wage rates less than the rates paid to employees of the opposite sex for substantially similar work when viewed as a composite of skill, effort, and responsibility, and performed under similar working conditions. Neb. 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