The present study sought to examine the dimensionality and reliability of the BDI-II in Republic Dominican. You need to invest in your inventory. The Spanish adaption of Becks Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II): Psychometric properties in the general population/Adapatacin espaola del Inventario para la Depresin de Beck-II (BDI-II): Propriedades psicomtricas en poblacin general. 1. The present review will only consider those investigations which are primarily concerned with the validity or the . The BDI-II is a widely used 21-item self-report inventory measuring the severity of depression in adolescents and adults. 808 certified writers online. Furthermore, since research indicates that depression symptoms response differentially to treatment [57] the use of BDI-II global score alone as a measure to detect changes in response to treatment may obscure the impact of interventions. Lack of unidimensionality and longitudinal measurement invariance in four common rating scales of depression, Cross-cultural examination of measurement invariance of the Beck Depression Inventory-II, Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory-II: a comprehensive review, Reliability and Validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-II among Korean Adolescents, Discriminant validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory to confirmed clinical diagnosis of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Vegetative symptoms (refers to changes in sleep patterns, and appetite). Kubany, E.S., Hill, E.E., Owens, J.A., Iannce-Spencer, C., McCaig, M.A., Tremayne, K.J., & Williams, P.L. e/ Pros/ Cons of Psychotherapy. Carmody (2005) examined the psychometrics of the BDI-II with a diverse group of college students. Beck AT, Ward CH, Mendelson M, Mock J, Erbaugh J. You will need to add up the score reported for each of the 21 questions ranging from zero to three. The BDI has been used in numerous studies with trauma-exposed individuals. Sage Research Methods. Cross-cultural validation of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in Japan. The BDI-II discriminates depressed from non-depressed patients (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996; Sprinkle et al., 1992). Their findings replicate what has been found in Canadian, Swedish, and Bulgarian non-clinical adolescents, but are different from factor analyses conducted with inpatient and outpatient adolescents in the United States. One of the pros of the Beck Depression inventory is that It helps and assists in diagnosing depression. There are different versions of the BDI: the original BDI which was published in 1961 and then revised in 1971 (BDI-1A), and the BDI-II which was published in 1961 (Wikipedia, 2007). This population consisted of 317 females and 183 males; 91% Caucasian, 4% African American, 4% Asian American, and 1% Latino. Silver, S.M., Rogers, S., Knipe, J., & Colelli, G. (2005). Five screening items reduce the length and the intrusiveness of the questionnaire for patients who are nonsuicidal. The Beck Depression Inventory - Second Edition1 is a popular self-report measure of depression. With depression, the neurotransmitter serotonin is responsible for sleep, aggression, sexual behavior, . here. (2018, February 3). San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation. doi: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2020.87. Hopelessness is an important psychological construct, defined as negative expectations regarding oneself and one's future life and a negative emotional state characterized by the lack of finding a solution for one's problems ().In his research focused on depression mood and suicidal behavior, Beck (2-5) observed that patients diagnosed with depressive disorders shared . Interpretation. Effectiveness of Beck Depression Inventory-II subscales in screening for major depressive disorders in adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Each question has a set of at least four possible answer choices, ranging in intensity. Several factor structure models, including one-factor, two-factor, three-factor and bifactor models were tested with the purport to determine the optimal factor structure. Confirmatory factor analyses with adolescent psychiatric inpatients (Osman et al., 2004) identified a 2-factor solution as the most parsimonious and interpretable. Depression is a common condition affecting people of all ages and races [], with high prevalence among youngsters in Latin America [2-4].Early onset depression is of interest because of the need to identify early cases of depression and potentially prevent or reduce consequences later in life [5, 6].Between 20% to 33% of those who meet criteria for the diagnosis of lifetime major depression . The purpose of the present study was twofold: (a) to examine the latent structure of BDI-II by testing several competing models proposed in the literature; and (b) to provide evidence of validity and reliability of the BDI-II in Republic Dominican. Bryant, R.A., Moulds, M.L., Guthrie, R.M., & Nixon, R.D.V. Telepractice: Tips on using this test in your telepractice. No, Is the Subject Area "Primary care" applicable to this article? For example, individuals are asked to respond to each question based on a two-week time period rather than the one-week timeframe on the BDI. The purpose of the present study . Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of "Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder" and "7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety.". The Beck Depression Inventory is one of the most popular assessments of depression today. 1 I feel sad 2 I am sad all the time and I can't snap out of it. The BDI-II is widely used as an indicator of the severity of depression, but not as a diagnostic tool, and numerous studies provide evidence for its reliability and validity across different populations and cultural groups. Byrne, Stewart, & Lee (2004) examined the psychometrics of the Chinese Beck Depression Inventory-II with a sample of Hong Kong community adolescents. The BDI has also been found to be related to the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Survey and to a measure of alexithymia in a sample of Turkish adolescents (Sayar, Kose, Grabe, & Murat, 2005). According to this index, those models that present values lower than AIC provide a better fit. Several versions of the BDI tool exist. Smarr KL, Keefer AL. This can involve medical examinations and laboratory tests, as well as psychological assessments like the Beck Depression Inventory and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (Shankman et al., 2018). Discriminant validity means that the BDI-II does not correlate highly with measures of other psychiatric symptoms such as anxiety. In contrast, findings concerning BDI-II factor structure have been somewhat inconsistent. The BDI has been widely used in research studies and clinical practice. It was developed by famous American psychiatrist Dr. Aaron T. Beck. If you are looking for a quick and easy way to take the Beck Depression Inventory or if you are a doctor looking to give it to your patients, there are a few versions available: It is important to note that the official BDI is copyrighted and available on Pearson's website. One study involving a confirmatory factor analysis of the CES-D and the original BDI, failed to validate a single-factor model (Skorikov & Vandervoort, 2003). No, PLOS is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation, #C2354500, based in San Francisco, California, US, Corrections, Expressions of Concern, and Retractions, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0199750, http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs369/es/, http://www.pearsonpsychcorp.es/archivos/13373230291.pdf. The original BDI, first published in 1961, consisted of twenty-one questions about how the subject has been feeling in the last week. A PsychInfo search of Beck Depression Inventory or BDI AND trauma yielded 681 peer-reviewed journal articles (6/05). The CDI was developed by Kovacs in 1977 using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI, 1967), and was formally published in 1992. Measures of depression and depressive symptoms: Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) Moreover, despite most of the items variances were accounted by the general depression factor, the three specific factors (cognitive, affective, and somatic) explained a non-redundant amount of variance. Medical Reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. Website feedback, questions or accessibility issues: schneck2@wisc.edu. (2003). Cohen, J.A., Deblinger, A., Mannarino, A.P., & Steer, R.A. (2004). No, Is the Subject Area "Research assessment" applicable to this article? Nixon, R.D.V., Resick, P.A., & Nishith, P. (2004). Its development marked a shift among health care professionals, who had until then viewed depression from a psychodynamic perspective, instead of it being rooted in the patients own thoughts. First, to determine the most appropriate BDI-II factor structure by examining several competing factor models that have been reported in previous studies. Demyttenaere K, Jaspers L. Trends in (not) using scales in major depression: A categorization and clinical orientation. In order to compare the fit of the models, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was also considered. Byrne, B.M., Stewart, S.M., & Lee, P.W.H. Dr. Beck and his colleagues found that the BDI had good reliability and validity. Cole, J.C., Grossman, I., Prillman, C., & Hunsaker, E. (2003). So far, the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) has become one of the most widely used measures to assess depressive symptoms and their severity in adolescents and adults [4]. The BDI was designed to measure the severity of depression, as well as to serve as a tool for screening for depression. Completion Time:: 5 to 10 minutes; self-administered or verbally by a trained administrator. Its content validity is ensured because most of its items are equivalent to the DSM-IV criteria for depression. Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 26(4), 446-462. Scores on BDI-II discriminated between clinical and general population, supporting for external validity. More research is needed on the use of the BDI-II with diverse groups of adolescents. By doing so, bifactor models represent a useful strategy to examine if a construct of interest can be viewed primarily as unidimensional or multidimensional and, subsequently, the way in which scores should be computed. Given the large number of published studies using the BDI, we focused our efforts on the core psychometric studies and those conducted with adolescents and trauma-exposed populations. Thus, further research is needed into the latent structure of BDI-II. Aaron T. Beck. Results are summarized in Table 2. Items receiving low Specificity ratings included item 11 (Agitation), item 19 (Concentration Difficulty), and item 21 (Loss of Interest in Sex). International Journal of Psychiatry in Clinical Practice, 9(1), 22-28. Behavioural inhibition and symptoms of anxiety and depression: Is there a specific relationship with social phobia? In adults, the BDI-II has been found to correlate with multiple measures of depression including the Center for Epidemiological Studies of Depression Scale (CES-D), Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale, the Beck Hopelessness Scale, and the Revised Hamilton Psychiatric Rating Scale for Depression (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996). The BDI includes 21 items, each of which corresponds to a symptom of depression. Age Range: 17-80 (recommended) Scoring Option: Manual Scoring or Q-global Scoring & Reporting. 0 I do not feel sad. The BDI was first published in 1961 by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, a psychiatrist who is considered the father of cognitive therapy. Reliability and validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-II with adolescent psychiatric inpatients. Psychol Assess. The Beck Depression Test is a type of psychological test which is used to measure the intensity of mental depression. (2003). The scale can be divided into 2 subscales . Copyright: 2018 Garca-Batista et al. Assessment, 9, 164-170. Published 2020 Apr 20. doi:10.1038/s41398-020-0787-9. Next, internal structure of the BDI-II was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) through AMOS v20 [46]. Clinical Assessment s The Beck Depression Inventory . Mood Disorder (Depressive, Bipolar) and Symptoms (e.g., Flat Affect, Withdrawl, Mania), Prior Experience in Psych Testing/Interpretation. Arch Gen Psychiatry. Validation of the BDI-II in a low-income African American sample of medical outpatients. Cons: 1. The validity of the Beck Depression Inventory-Short Form as a screening and diagnostic instrument for moderate and severe depression in medical inpatients. Clinica y Salud, 14(3), 249-280. The BDI was developed by Dr. Aaron T. Beck, a psychiatrist, and released in 1961. The BDI-II is widely used as an indicator . doi:10.1002/acr.20556, Toenders YJ, Schmaal L, Harrison BJ, Dinga R, Berk M, Davey CG. (1961). Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 43(4), 393-402. Practical implications are discussed and suggestions for further research are also made. Yes The following questionnaire links are for the private use of our lab only. The BDI-II is a widely used 21-item self-report inventory measuring the severity of depression in adolescents and adults. An exploration of comorbid depression among female victims of intimate partner violence with posttraumatic stress disorder. They conducted both exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and found a 2nd order general factor of Depression and three first-order factors: Negative Attitude, Performance Difficulty, and Somatic Elements. Bifactor models, in contrast, allow to examine a non-hierarchical general factor independently of the specific factors and to simultaneously test the extent to which the common variance between items are explained by the orthogonal general factor and by the specific factors that are tested [32]. The Beck Anxiety Inventory or (BAI), is a self-report test that contains 21 multiple-choice questions (Likert scale from 0 to 3 in terms of how severe you perceive the symptom) and it is used to measure anxiety symptoms (severity and level) that an . One of the most popular measures used all around the world, is the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) (Wang & Gorenstein, 2013). Beck Depression Inventory-II. 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